第五十章 土地兼并?(四):佃如虎踞(2 / 2)

问乙要,乙说自己都没收到田租,那又怎么核实?

只能再去找丙,找了丙再找丁。

找到丁,丁又推脱自己是问丙租的,只能给丙。

这样互相踢皮球,要把田租收到也确实不容易。

而且这样,那这些转租的佃农还能算是佃农么?

他们自己也不种田。

汪汝淳看见皇上的表情,似乎也明白收租并没有想象那么容易,长叹一声道:

“有些地方说‘田主寄命于田客,田主不知其田之所在,惟田客是问’,田客便是佃户。田主连田在哪里都不知道,收入多少也只能寄托在佃户不至于太过欺心。

“名义上有田的地主,有时候收不到田租,却还要交纳赋税丁税,这自然要叫苦连天。

“所以许多时候,有田还不如没田来得省心。这也是为何我等商人不愿意多购田产。”

朱由检心中还是觉得这实在和穿越前一直被教导的观念太过悖反,不是都指责中国古代商人有钱了就买土地,所以发展不起资本主义。

现在怎么汪汝淳和自己说得完全相反?

他不甘心地发出质疑:

“汪先生,也许这只是你个人见闻所限。”

李之藻却连连摇头道:

“不然不然,此绝非孟朴一人见闻。臣查阅过嘉靖时《徽州府志》,其中便说:‘商贾虽余赀多,不置田业’

“至于如今的江南,巨富之家往往靠经商获利,许多富家拥田只数百亩,有田千亩者不超过富家四成,至于拥田万亩以上者罕之又罕。”

“隆庆时李豫亨便曾在《推篷寤语》中说:有田而富者,要按亩交税当差,无田而富者,既无输官,也无差遣。故此有田而富远不如无田而富者自在。”

汪汝淳笑道:“这李豫亨却没把有田而富者最大的麻烦说出来。若是收租容易,这粮税丁税其实也有限。”

朱由检无奈之下,把视线再次投向罗雅谷,问道:

“罗先生,你们西洋各国的富商,想必花钱买地比我大明富商要更少。”

朱由检觉得自己一开始想以商人买地作为兼并的理由,现在看来不成立。

那至少用商人比商人,大明的富商相对来说买地总比欧洲的更多。

罗雅谷却摇头,闷声道:

“欧罗巴各国的富商有钱之后,最喜欢的便是买地!”

他这话一说,朱由检顿觉一口气堵在胸中。

怎么自己说什么都是错的?

他只得质问道:

“罗先生莫非搞错了?”

罗雅谷再次摇头:

“不会错!欧罗巴和大明不一样,土地不仅仅是财富,也是权力和名望的表现。许多商人设法购买土地,便可以由此获得贵族爵位,他们的购买的庄园成为领地,可以对农奴任意处置。而在大明,土地只是单纯的一种财富。

“大明富豪怕有太多土地,不容易收租。对欧罗巴的富商来说,却不存在这个顾虑。领主对农奴拥有绝对的权威,如果农奴胆敢反抗,那几乎没有活路。就算去向更大的贵族或国王申述,也不可能支持农奴。”

“事实上,许多意大利亚商人购得庄园和贵族头衔后,自己都不必经营土地,保留原来的管事仆役,自然就可以把农奴管得服服帖帖,每年获取大笔收益。”

朱由检觉得自己的三观被震碎了。

说好的中国古代富商喜欢购买土地,所以阻碍资本主义;欧洲富商不购买土地,所以走向资本主义呢?

怎么现在和这几个人交谈,获取的信息全是反过来了?

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